

The number of patients that were prescribed at least one package of SC/year and their package numbers/year were similar in males/females, across age groups and in "non-frequent exacerbators" with the 4 LABA/LAMAs. Prescriptions for systemic corticosteroids (SC), antibiotics and salbutamol during one year of LABA/LAMA treatment were analyzed.Ī better adherence was found in individuals taking IND/GLY (10.42 ± 1.86 packages/year) compared with UM/VI (10.09 ± 1.9 p = 0.008), ACLI/FOR (9.8 ± 1.8 p = 0.001) and TIO/OLO (10.1 ± 2.1 p = 0.047). We searched for subjects (1,779) adherent to umeclidinium/vilanterol (UM/VI), indacaterol/glycopyrronium (IND/GLY), aclidinium/formoterol (ACLI/FOR) and tiotropium/olodaterol (TIO/OLO) treatments in our prescribing/dispensing database. This real-life database study aimed to evaluate retrospectively the 4 LABA/LAMA effectiveness and highlight possible specificities that could better guide us in choosing the right LABA/LAMA to be used.

Given COPD heterogeneity, we do not know if some LABA/LAMAs are more suitable for some COPD phenotypes.

6 Pulmonology and Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, S Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy.5 Cardiology Department, "Misericordia" Hospital, Grosseto, USL Tuscany South-East, Italy.4 Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, USL Tuscany South-East, Italy.3 Medical Management Department, Azienda USL Toscana Sud-Est, "Misericordia" Hospital, Grosseto, Italy.Electronic address: 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine, Azienda USL Toscana Sud-Est, "Misericordia" Hospital, Grosseto, Italy. 1 Pneumology Department, Azienda USL Toscana Sud-Est, "Misericordia" Hospital, Grosseto, Italy Experimental Medicine and Systems, "PhD Program" Department of Systems Medicine University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy.
